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La Belle Cuisine
"Cakes are fancy-ass, honey. Pie is
home."
- Idella Johnson, Veteran Pie Baker, as quoted in
Classic Home Desserts
by Richard Sax, Chapters Publishing Ltd, 1994
Sweet
Pastry
from 'Desserts'
by Nancy Silverton, 1986, Harper & Row
“An
excellent tart pastry – it’s sweet, short, and stays crisp under
a filling.
Lemon, orange or ginger flavoring will add another
dimension to the dough.”
Makes 1 1/2
pounds dough (enough for two 10-inch tart shells)
2 3/4 cups
flour
1/2 cup
granulated sugar
8 ounces
unsalted butter (2 sticks)
2 egg yolks
1/4 cup heavy
cream
Pastry can be
made in a food processor or electric mixer, but I prefer
making it by hand
for a tender crust. And I use cream rather than water
for the color and the
taste.
Sift the flour
into a large bowl. Stir in the sugar. Cut the butter into 1/2-inch cubes and
toss with the flour until the cubes are coated. Crumble the butter into the
flour by rubbing it between your fingertips (the coolest part of your hand),
lifting the pieces and letting them fall back down again. Continue
until the
mixture resembles coarse cornmeal.
In a small
bowl, whisk together the egg yolks and 1/4 cup heavy cream
and pour onto the
flour mixture. Gather the dough together with your
hands. You may have to
dribble on as much as 2 tablespoons extra
cream
to make the dough moist
enough to gather together into a ball.
(In a food
processor, using the metal blade, or in an electric mixer, using
the paddle
attachment, combine ingredients in the same order, processing
the flour,
sugar and cubed butter together to a cornmeal-like consistency,
and then
adding the egg yolks and cream. Be sure that you stop the
machine
immediately when the flour reaches the cornmeal stage. And
again as soon
as
the dough comes together after the addition of the
cream. Add extra
cream if
necessary to make the dough come together.)
Fraisage
(working in the butter)
This French
technique of working in the butter by hand creates a light, tender,
well-amalgamated crust.
Turn the dough
out onto a lightly floured surface. Use flour sparingly –
some of the dough
will stick to the surface, but you can scrape it up and reincorporate it
into the mass. Dip the heel of your hand in flour and
begin smearing small
sections of the dough away from you.
When the dough
has become all smeared out, gather it together and form
into two balls. Wrap
in plastic wrap and refrigerate at least 2 hours before rolling out. Pastry
should always chill after it has been made and again
after rolling out to
allow the gluten in the flour to relax and ensure a
tender crust that will
not shrink during baking.
To roll out
pastry: The most important factor when rolling out pastry is
the
temperature of the room you’re in – the cooler, the better. Try to
work with
the dough before turning on the oven, which heats the kitchen.
You’ll need a
large clear countertop, smooth and solid, giving you plenty
of room to work,
preferably one that’s low enough to give your arms some leverage as you
roll. (If the counter is too high, stand on a phone book or work on a
tabletop to get the right angle.) A refrigerated slab of marble is ideal for
rolling pastry because it retains cold. You can get a similar effect
by
chilling any surface – cover it briefly with ice packs, boxes of frozen
foods, and a baking sheet covered with ice.
In warm
weather, take the pastry directly from the refrigerator, cut it into fourths
or sixths, pound it with a rolling pin to soften, then work it briefly
with your hands, without kneading it, into a smooth, pliable (but not
sticky) ball. No matter what the weather, always use your fingertips to work
the dough, because they’re cooler than your palms.
In cold
weather, take chilled pastry out of the refrigerator and let it stand
at
room temperature until it’s almost soft enough to roll out. Then beat it
for
a moment or two with a rolling pin to soften.
Before you
begin to roll out your dough, brush your pan or flan ring with melted
butter. Keep a small bowl of flour nearby as you roll. Some flour
on the
work surface is absolutely necessary to keep the pastry from stick-
ing,
but
use as little as possible. The softer the dough and the warmer the
weather,
the most flour you will end up using. If the dough cracks when
you begin to
roll it, let it stand a bit to soften; if it is greasy or sticking too much
to the work surface, refrigerate it again until firm. (Remember that working
pastry with your hands too much will develop the gluten in the
flour, which
will make it elastic and difficult to roll out, and result in a
tough
crust.)
To roll, place
a ball of pastry in the center of a floured surface. Pound the ball with a
rolling pin to flatten it into a disk about 1 inch thick. Begin rolling the
dough from the center of the disk, turning it slightly clockwise after each
stroke to make an even circle. (Dust both the surface of the dough and the
underside as necessary to prevent sticking.)
Roll dough
into a circle at least 2 inches larger in diameter than the ring or pan to
be lined, and to a thickness of 1/8 to 1/4 inch. Roll in short strokes,
stopping short of the edges of the dough so the edges don’t get too thin.
Lift and turn the circle every so often to keep it from sticking.
When the
circle is finished, fold it gently into quarters, set the center
point
in the
center of the pan, and then unfold carefully. Or you may
set the rolling pin
across the top edge of the dough, and roll the rolling
pin downward, rolling
the dough around the pin. Unroll the dough into
the
mold.
If the dough
is too soft to line the pan, slip it onto a baking sheet and
chill
for a few
minutes until firm enough to handle. If it gets too firm,
let it
soften at
room temperature so that it doesn’t crack when you try
to line
the pan.
To fit the
dough into the pan, go around the edges systematically, picking
up the dough
and easing it down so that it fits gently into the corners and
sides
of the
pan. Don’t stretch the dough to fit, or it will shrink later during baking.
Dip the knuckle of your index finger in flour and go around the
pan,
pressing the dough into the corners with your knuckle. With your
three middle fingers inside the pan and your thumb at the same point
outside, press the dough
into the sides of the pan, pinching slightly if
necessary to
make sure that the dough is an even thickness all around
and especially that
the dough is not
too thick along the corners. The side pastry must be at a
right angle to the bottom at this point (no sloping
sides), or you’ll lose
the height of the shell when it shrinks during baking.
Finally, with
a sharp paring knife, trim the pastry even with the top of
the
pan and chill
until firm.
To blind
bake: After a lined flan ring or pie pan has chilled for abou
one hour
(to allow the gluten t relax and to prevent shrinkage when the dough
is
cooked), completely line the bottom and sides with parchment
paper, aluminum
foil, or coffee filters. (I prefer the large, flat-bottomed
coffee
filters
from automatic drip coffee makers, because they’re pliable,
reusable, and
soft enough not to damage the unbaked pastry. If the fil-
ters
aren’t large
enough to line the entire shell, arrange three or four of
them
in an
over-lapping pattern to completely cover the bottom and
drape
over the
sides.)
Fill the
lining, up to the top of the rim, with dried beans or metal pie
weights
(sold at cookware shops), both of which can be saved and
reused. Make
sure
the beans are pressed tightly into the corners of the
dough. Bake in a
preheated 350-degree [F] oven for 25 minutes, until
the top of the crust is
golden brown.
Cool
completely. Remove beans
or pie weights with a large spoon and carefully
peel off paper lining. If
the pastry is still moist on the bottom or
not
golden in color, return it
to the oven for a few more minutes until
fully
cooked.
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